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70 Years of 308 Winchester

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The 308 Winchester is one of the most popular and versatile centerfire cartridges today, and for good reason. The stopping power, performance and accuracy of the cartridge make it a desirable caliber for virtually any rifle, from bolt action to semiautomatic (even lever action).
The 308 Winchester was developed as a military cartridge to replace the venerable 30-06, specifically in their service rifles. While the 30-06 had great results in the field and in combat, the longer action made it more difficult to operate in a fully automatic service rifle.
Carlos Hathcock 8x unertl scope
Thus, began the US military's quest for a short action 30-caliber cartridge that would closely mimic the ballistics of the 30-06. At the time, the US Military was experimenting with the 300 Savage cartridge in the T65 series. Over a few iterations, the brass length had been increased to 51.1mm (2.015") for more case capacity.
Reloading 308 Winchester Cartridges
Making more "gun food" for our trusty 308 Win rifles
Additionally, the shoulder angle and body taper were reduced from the 300 Savage cartridge. With the advent of modern smokeless powders, the 308 Winchester was able to launch a 150 grain bullet at 2750 fps, nearly matching the ballistics of the M2 cartridge.
XM-21 Rifle Platform with Auto Ranging Telescope (ARTel)
The resulting 308 Winchester round would become the standard caliber for many legendary rifle platforms such as the XM-21, M24, M40 and M110.

The 308 Winchester cartridge is one of the most ubiquitous cartridges in the shooting hunting and outdoors industry today. I'd reckon that at any given time at the range, there will be someone shooting a 308.
 
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